Have you ever been fooled?

For example, being tricked into a purchase you didn’t need, or falling for an online scam. It seems like we are exposed to more and more cons every day. Therefore, how can we better defend ourselves from in person and online tricksters?

A few years ago, Daryl Chen posted an article on the TED Ideas website titled, Don’t Get Fooled or Conned Again: Here are the 5 Tactics to Look Out For. Chen began by examining the problem. The challenge he finds is that being fooled happens internally.

What’s fascinating about examples like these is that while they’re perpetrated by other people or entities, the real work of persuasion largely takes place in our heads, according to UK-based presenter and broadcaster Alexis Conran. “Magic and sales and scams and political beliefs all happen in the mind of the spectator,” Conran points out in a TEDxBerlin talk.

Chen proceeds to discuss the first way that we are often fooled. It is through the simple use of misdirection.

Misdirection is an age-old tactic used by thieves of all kinds. It’s why pickpockets snatch wallets when they know we’re occupied by an outdoors concert or fireworks display or by reading our phones or books while we commute.

Misdirection can occur on a more subtle level, too. It’s why companies and governments often release bad news on Fridays or before major holidays — they’re obliged to announce a weak earnings report or the so-so unemployment rate but they’re hoping that the weekend or holiday distracts us from fixating on it.

To learn the other four ways we get fooled, please read the rest of the article.